Apparatus for the production of hot fluids under pressure.



No. 891,820. PATENTED JUNE so, 1908.

GRUYT, APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION 0? HOT FLUIDS UNDER PRESSURE.

APPLICATION FILED HAY 31, 1906.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 891,820. PATENTED JUNE 30, 1908.

W. J. GRUYT.

A APPARATUS ROE THE PRODUCTION OF HOT FLUIDS UNDER PRESSURE.

APPLIUATION FILED MAY 31, 1906.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

m any wk;

, To all whom may concern:

pressure, capable of being utilized for in- WILLIAM JOHN sneer, o

LGIUM.

1%. senses.

Application filed Iiiay 31, 1906.

Be it known that L /VILLniii Jonas Csnrr, engineer, a subject of the King of the Belginns, residing at Chnusse deVleurget, No. 80, Brussels, in the Kingdom oi. Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Inn provements in. Apparatus for the Froriunftion of Hot Fluids under Pressure, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for use in the combustion of hydrocarbons and has for its object to produce, by the combustion of hydrocarbons, hot fluids under dustriel purposes such heating, generating motive power, etc.

One oonstruetion of apparatus.neoortling to this invention is illustrated in the encompnnying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is at side elevation of the rotary drum forming the ehie part of tho uppers. tus. Fig. 2 is e. (loss-section simwing e oonstrnetion oi the whole of the apparatus. Fig. 3 is .e cross-section ofnnother form of construction when the inlet of expiosive InlXtHiQ-lS controlled by a rotary valve. Fig. 4 is n side elevation ol' the apparatus in connection with the motor n' v which it is driven and Fig. Sis :1 ton vir-w of Fig. e.

The apparatus oom nises e vlindrienl or oonioa-l drum 1 on-pnhiv oi" heing quickly rotated about its spindle (the speed of the said mo -xemoni being i'or instnnco ZOO-600 revolutions per minute). This rotary motion is imported to the drum either by a smell spmrml motor oi :tEi) shame mid kind, from {he nrnnh slml't ol the es'ig ino. 'l"

drum may he 'xoohd h rireuhiiion o-E'ivn or nilwhiz-h posses through r-L'eosses 2 made in the some. v

(lo iis onier snrl'z-n'o the drum. provided with it series of lmn 'itndinsl grooves lowing the shape of troughs of semi-g-irrulgw -ross- A sm-iion 12 o l whivh are shown in l i. 'lhose iron rhs stop zit eithiu' side at nv vermin distnnw from iluaonds of the drum. he drum rnlntos in a gas tight nninnvr in n. easing east in one or tyvo pivves, ln the hitter (use one of these sections- 4 is lined and the other 5 is made in the form ol' a cover or val-p which is pinned over the drum nnd secured to the lii'si hall or section by means of serows or holts 3-! mid nuts $55. A small olonrnnoe (3 is led hetwovn the two halves of the Posing ond enzihles mljustment' to take u nin y wear. ll' desired springs 33 Specification of Letters Patent time, which has n sgiecial .Sli'ilUH oi' ivith the pressure end the nature-of the gas The air.

Eatented June 30, 3.968.

Serial ":30. 3195555.

or other elastic members of adjustable tension may be inserted between the nuts 35 and the part Sto permit the two halves moving relatively to eaeli other, when there is any expansion.

On the inner one of the (a 5 are formed wide grooves 7 extending tn rougliout the whole of its length and admitting air to the outer surfeee of the drum, so sis to Cool the troughs and. remove any produets of combustion that they may contain.

As regards the liottoii part of the casing, its arrangement is described hereinafter to gether with the working ofthe apparatus.

in the thickness of metal constituting the bottom hsli" of the casing there is formed a small cylinder 8, opening into the interior of the easlng by orifice normally closed by e valve 9. The movement of this valve is 0011' trolled by ev rod 1G to which is connected a bell crank lever ii pivoted about a pin 12 and drown dmvnn'erds by a. spring 13. The end 1% oi the hell i-rsnl: lever is held by the sprint '13 against it mm 15 mounted on a spindle l6 driven by the engineer in any 7 other suitable manner. Theshaoe'of the mm is such that itis possibleto .nt fresh gas to the troughs'dm'ing giv'enperiods of the apparatus is app ieiito engine's.

The working fuel'sumvlierl to the apparetns is in the form of any XPlOSiVO'IHIXl/UIIS, which if needed has heen previously oomssod by means of soy compressor operated in any desired nmnner. i

in ease of the explosive mixture being; air or gas the air r nd illoges are admitted respr-etively h v ivko pipes 1? mid 'i'iifltho crosshn'h menia -viilutcd' in in-em'danco and the rivhnessoi" iiie-niixii'n'e. nndgas are mixed ni it ('lHUHlHi' it), and "the advantage whenmixture passes through on ohli u'e 'pipe 20 into the small linder 8, and them-0, when the vhl'vo'T 1s rinsed} min the tioin 'hs 3 ol' the drum, 1th the troughs pass in front of the said valve.

. The supply of explosive mixture to tho troughs eonld, oi eonrse, hi nnnle inany other suitehle nmnner. For institute, as

shown in Fig. 3, hy replacing the valve J hyjii small osedhiting e eh, the reciprocatmg movement of which would de mod on the time that the admission is to inst and the reciprocating movmnent being produeed" any suitable manner.

The troughs charged with explosive mixture then pass owing to the rotation of the drumv in front of a continuously operating ignition device 21 which maybe either in the form of a wire rendered incandescent by electric current, or by a spark which is produced in a continuous and uniform manner at the to one or more tanks in which the pressures have given values, which, however, are lower than the pressure in the troughs. The gas can thus pass from the troughs successively into the different tanks and expand, whence it may be conveyed by pipes for any use desired. This arrangei'nent applies for instance, to the case of heating.

When the gas is used for producing motive power it can be utilized in various kinds of motors either in reciprocating or piston engines or in the rotary or turbine types 0 engine. I

The drums 1, 1 are each provided with a pulley 27 (Figs. 4 and 5) which are connected with each "other by means of a crossed belt 28 so as totallow of the rotation of the drums in o posite directions. ()ne of the drums is furtlier provided with a pulley 25 which by means of a belt 24"is connected with a pulley 25 fixed on the main shaft 26. The mixing of air and gas takcsl place under pressure in the storage casings, 19 whence the mixture passes into the troughs of the drums through the openings 20. pflThe gases which remain in the trough l'ter the trough has passed beyond the open-rig 22 escape through the exhaust passage and thence. through the pipe 23. The gases which may remain in the troughs after this discharge pass into the atmosphere through the openings 7. The

. two cams l5, l5 iixed on. the shafts [(5 are connected by means ol'sprockctwheels 29 and 32 and chains I40, 31 with the main shaft 26.

In the case of rcciprm-nting motors, the cylinders of the lll()iUlS ft'UllSiTlldlit? the tanks iii-which the gas expands. The motor can therefore be with several cylinders in which the gas su(-. -essi\'cl expands the pressure in the successive c \'limlcrs gradually decreasing and thennotor thus working as a compound engine, or the motor may have a single cylinder in which part of the ga es expand from the troughs through part 1;. The remainder of the gas passes through part 23 and casing may be utilized for heating purposes or for 1 transforming water into steam, which in the case of motors of the turbine type can be Us! together with the gas.

The apparatus enables considerable quantities of gas at a high pressure and at a high temperature to be roduced while the zipparatus itself occupies but little room. ficcording to the nature of the mixture and to the degree of the initial compression of the mixture, the pressures can reach up to 40 and 50 atmospheres, and the temperature 2.0()() to 3.000 C.

The explosions are produced in small quantities of gas at a time, whereby their intensity is reduced and the strain on the apparatus reduced whichincreases its durability.

The apparatus owing to its shape and construction is particularly adapted to resist the strain due'to explosions and owing to the method of erecting the casing, tliere is sufficient clearance to ,avoid all risk of jamming due to the increase of temperature.

The apparatus is also'easy to lubricate and to examine and can be readily cooled. Not much water is required for this purpose owing to the rrangemen't of the drum and of the gllowing to be cooled by the outside air.

When applied to motors, the apparatus does away with inlet valves which are the chief source of stoppages.

Further, several identical apparatus could be used on the same motor, so that, if one of them fails, the motor does not stop al to-. "-gether.

he replacing of a defective apparatus can, noreover, be effected at once.

In the case of reciprocatim engines as the explosions ,no longer take place in the cylinder itsell the dimensions of the cylinder connecting rods etc. can be reduced, and the cooling water for the cylinder can be done away with or considerably reduced.

It will be understood that the details of construction may be varied without departing from this invention.

Having now fully described my invention what 1 claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An apparatus for producing and distributing hot fluids under nessure, comprising a casing and a rotatable drum in t e casing and provided with cireumferentlal- In its circuml'erenec, and lllOtlllS for cooling.

the drum extcndingparallel to the [)Otfliflifi, said casing having an inlet for the thud, an

tributing gniter s aced from .the fluid. inlet, and an exhaust or the fluid spaced from the igniter.

3. An apparatus for producing and disgtributing hot fluids under pressure, comprismg a casing consisting of two yieldingly connected parts, a rotary drum in the casing and provided with longitudinal concave pockets 1n its circumference, means in the drum for cooling the drum and extending parallel to the pockets, and means in the walls of the casing for cooling the pockets and permitting escape of residual gases; said casmg an inlet for the fluid, an igniter spaced from the fluid inlet, and an exhaust for the fluid spaced from the igniter.

4. An a paratus for producing and disrot fluids under pressure, comprising a casing consisting of two yieldingly connected parts, a rotary drum in the casing and provided .with longitudinal concave pockets in its circumference, means in the drum for cooling the drum and extending parallel to the pockets, and means in the Walls of the casmg for cooling the pockets and permitting escape of residual gases; said casing having an inlet for the fluid, an i niter spaced from the fluid inlet, and .an 'ex aust for the fluid spaced from the igniter, and means for controlling the admission of fluid through the inlet. 5. A11 apparatus for producing and dishavingtributing hot gases under ressure, comprising a casing consisting 0 two arts yieldingly held together, a rotatable r rum in the casing, and means for adjusting the drum in its bearings.

6. In an apparatus for producing and distributing hot gases under pressure, con1pris ing a casing consisting of two parts y1eldingly held together, a rotary conical drum in the casing and having poclgets in its circumference, means for adustmg the drum In its bearings, means for admitting an explosive mixture to the pockets, means for lgniting the mixture in the pockets and spaced from the means for admission of the mixture, means for exhausting the ignited and not expanded gas from the pockets and spaced from the igniting means, means in the drum for cooling the drum, means in the ,Walls of the casing for cooling the pockets to prevent excessive friction be tween the drum and the casing ing an escape for residual gases in the 00kets, and means for regulating the admission of explosivemixture to the drum.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two Witnesses.

WILLIAM JOHN CRUYT. Witnesses: Y

I E. HEYL.

GREGORY PHELAN.

longitudinal concave.

and provid- 

